Pediculosis capitis
Pediculosis capitis is the cutaneous conditions that’s the presence of Pediculus humanus capitis that live in hair & hair shaft as louse or nits causes Pruritus
Epidemiology :
Preschool & school years
Mode of infestation :Shared hats ,caps,brushes or combs ,close contact
Sites:
Scalp
Signs & Symptoms :
– The presence of lice(moving) on the scalp & its hair
-The presence of nits- nonmoving (lice eggs) on shafts of hair & its hair
-Small Red bumps or sores on the scalp,neck & shoulders
-Itching & Scratching are commonly found
-Each louse is about 1-3mm long & is whitish gray in color
-Nits are smaller ,about 0.5-1mm white & strictly attached to the hair very close to the scalp.
-A ticklish feeling on the scalp or neck
-Difficulty sleeping which can lead to irritability
Who get head lice ?
People of all ages can be affected with head lice but commonly found in children aged 4 to 14 years.
Treatment of pediculosis capitis :
-Systemic Antibiotics
-Anti-Scabietics
-Permethrin 2.5%
-Gamma benzene
-Hexachloride 1%
-3%acetic acid followed by combia
Risk factor for infestation :
-Female
-Greater number of children in a family
-Sharing beds ,clothing & hair brushes
“Head lice can’t fly but spread by crawling along hair shaft by head to head contact”
Complication of head lice :
– Dermatitis
-Secondary bacterial infection
-Tender swollen lymph nodes
-Impetigo
-Occipital adenitis
Why does head lice treatment fail ?
-Failure to get rid of lice is a common & frustrating problem .it can be due to :
- Inactive infestation
- Reinfestation
- Improperly applied treatment
- Resistance of lice to insecticides
- Misdiagnosis
- Reinfestation from contaminated clothes, hats etc(less likely)
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